XXXII Международный конгресс ИИСАА. 26–28 апреля 2023 г.

Россия и Восток. К 300-летию СПбГУ. Материалы конгресса 501 Секция африканистов. «Чтения памяти Д. А. Ольдерогге» Print media in Northern Nigeria were launched in 1939 when a full-pledge Hausa newspaper Gaskiya ta fi kwabo was established. Suda and ’Yar Gaskiya followed in 1941. First newspapers and magazines served as a field of experiment for the forming print media. In the period of 1954–1959 another 13 newspapers were launched. After 1959 the crisis of print production shut down all the papers except of Gaskiya ta fi kwabo. Still next years a number of private publishing houses were set up, giving birth to new magazines and newspapers. Nishadi (published since 2000), Marubuciya (since 2001) and Bidiyo (since 2001) can be regarded as examples of the Golden Age in the history of Hausa print media. These magazines accumulate all the experience gained within 60 years since the first newspaper was founded. On the other hand as well as their many (numerous) counterparts Nishadi, Marubuciya and Bidiyo didn’t last long as they were unable to meet the demands of time. Modern Hausa print media have a great social impact due to the following factors: they aim at issues of vital social importance while the style of presenting information is very accessible and simple. Hausa cultural tradition holds its place of authority respected and admired still the audience is not positioned as someone who just passively obeys. Hausa journals and magazines are about the social dialogue, they express active process of interaction between the norm, tradition, society at one side and modern generation at another. The attempts to employ such techniques as analysis, debates allow to release the stress related to sharp issues involved and also reveal a new compromising attitude which inevitably brings about social change. Popov V. A. (SPbU, Saint-Petersburg) African colonial society: Theory and governance practices The concept of colonial society, proposed by French anthropologists, is very productively used by Russian Africanists in the study of the colonial and postcolonial periods in the history of Africa, not only in socio-economic and political, but also in ethnic and civilizational aspects. During the colonial period African societies were strongly influenced by the metropolises and impulses towards modernization (or, more precisely, westernization). In the colonies on theAfrican continent there were two levels of government — “white” and “native” administration. The main element of the “native” administration were the chiefs. It was they who were the main product of colonialism in the field of management and political organization of society. The chief personified the features and functions of both the traditional bearer of power and the employee of the colonial administration. The concept of a colonial society based on the idea of ​the inevitability of a synthesis of traditional (pre-colonial) and modern (industrial) structures proved untenable. Synthesis did not take place, although some new structures, processes, phenomena emerged,