XXXI Международный конгресс ИИСАА. 23–25 июня 2021 г. Т. 1

Россия и Восток. К 100-летию политических и культурных связей новейшего времени. Т. 1 119 Иранистика и афганистика importance in Tehran. His success was highly estimated and he became a private secretary of the Governor-General Marquees Wellesley (1760–1842) in 1801. The British government approved results of activity of this mission in general, but could not excuse Malcolm’s wasteful expenditure for a long time 1 . In January1802 he was raised to the rank of major; in January 1803 he was nominated to the presidency of Mysore. In December 1804, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel. In June of the following year, he became a chief agent of the Governor-General, and he continued to serve until March 1806, having success- fully concluded several very important treaties during that period.There Malcolm elaborated his plan of colonization of the Persian Gulf region. Though John Malcolm’s plan was filled by aggressive aspirations of Great Britain, the subject of “defense of India” from France was not mentioned in it even. The British historiography traditionally regards Malcolm’s plan as an occasional plan of somewhat eccentric person who did not take into consideration “peaceful commercial interests” of Great Britain in the Persian Gulf in XIX century. The British researchers contended that the British government never approved this plan 2 . Nevertheless, it is impossible to neglect the fact that John Malcolm formed the plan as the British official of high rank. Malcolm’s plan met with Governor-General of India political council approval on August 30, 1808. The agenda of the council included the problem of invasion into the Persian Gulf region. Later the British government conferred wide powers on John Malcolm to fulfil his plan 3 . In July 1827, they appointed John Malcolm to the high and responsibleposition of Governor of Bombay. In 1831 he finally returned homeland. There is no doubt, that he was appointed to the Governor of Bombay as the official who had compre- hended correctly the real purposes, aims and objects of the British Oriental policy. All further political steps of Great Britain were made in the region according to his plan. It was required about 60 years for its realization in a general way. Thus, we have no opportunity to considerJohn Malcolm as an eccentric man or “a lotus–eater” in the political and diplomatic history of Iran. De Nicola Bruno (Austrian Academy of Sciences) Re-writing the Siyar al-Mulūk in 13th century Anatolia In the 13th century, during the Ilkhanid period, advice literature gained popularity in Anatolia. Being popular also in Arabophone territories such as Ayyubid Syria, 1 French General Claude Mathieu de. Gardane asserted that Malcolm had wasted more than 2 billion rupees for bribes. See Gardane C. M. Mission du general GardaneenPerse sous le Premier Empire. Paris, 1865. P. 41. 2 Kelly J. B. The Life and Correspondence of Sir John Malcolm. L., 1865.Vol. 1. P. 98. 3 Kaye J.W. Britain and the Persian Gulf, 1795–1880. Oxford, 1968. Vol. I. P. 433–435, 438.