Доклады Международного конгресса ИИСАА. Т. 1

II. Middle East, Caucasus and Central Asia / Ближний Восток, Кавказ и Центральная Азия Доклады Международного конгресса по источниковедению и историографии стран Азии и Африки. Т. 1. 2020 79 in the countryside, in the forests, and its fruit’, aiva ‘ quince ’, bubreg ‘ kidney ’, chinar ‘ plane tree ’, loshad ‘horse’, tun ‘a type of clothing’, utug ‘iron, press’, terpug ‘rasp’, etc., came from. Eren’s main source on the Turkisms in Russian is the dictionary by Vasmer (1950–1958). 1 Some of these words can be traced back to the Middle Ages. For example, phonetic data indicate that the word utug ‘iron, press’ came to Russian in ancient times. In the Diwan Lugat at-Turk, the famous work by Mahmud al-Kashgari (1008?–1105?), this word is already present in the form of ütüg . 2 Russian form utug indicates that this word was borrowed in the MiddleAges from Tatar, Kyrgyz, Kazakh, or any other Turkic language, not from Turkish, because in the Turkish and Azerbaijan languages this word is pronounced as ütü , while in other Turkic languages it is ütik , ütük , or ütüg . This situation is observed in some Slavic origin loan-words in Turkish; these words are borrowed from the Bulgarian or from the Serbian language, not from Russian. In this paper, I want to discuss a Turkish loan-word, which is borrowed from Russian, harasho . In Russian this word means ‘good, well, ok’. But the latest edi- tion of the Turkish Dictionary 3 contains the following information about this word: ‘It’s a kind of wool weave’. This word for the first time was recorded in the seventh edition of Turkish Dictionary, published in 1983. In the eighth and ninth editions of the dictionary in 1988 and 1998, it is also written that the word was used in Russian with the meaning ‘good, well’. In the tenth edition in 2005 it is given with the same meaning and as borrowed from Russian. This word is not only used in the Turkish literary language, but also in colloquial language, and in slang. The name of the short haircut for women is also haraşo . In slang one of the euphemisms used to name the RussianWhites was haraşo . 4 However, these meanings are only found in slang dictionaries and they haven’t been included into Turkish Dictionary . Why is this word, which is one of the most frequently used and most beautiful words of Russian, used in Turkish as the name of the wool knitting type? What is the reason for such a profound meaning change? The answer to these questions can only be given as a result of the investigation of historical events. After the Bolsheviks’ October Revolution, at least nearly two hundred thou- sand Anti-Bolshevik Russians, the supporters of the so-called White Movement came to Turkey as refugees. On July 18, 1918, the Tsar and his family were shot 1 Vasmer M. Russisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg, 1950–1958. 2 Akalın Ş. H. One thousandYears Before—One thousandYearsAfter Mahmud al-Kash- gari and Diwan Lugat at-Turk. Ankara: Turkish Language Society Publications, 2008. P. 109. 3 Akalın Ş. H., et al. Turkish Dictionary. P. 1046. 4 Tietze A. Historical and Etymological Dictionary of Turkey Turkish. Vol. 3. Ankara: Turkish ScienceAcademy Publications, 2016. P. 392; Nishanyan S. Nishanyan Etymological Dictionary of Contemporary Turkish. Istanbul: Liber Plus Publications, 2018. P. 315.