XXX Международный конгресс ИИСАА. 19–21 июня 2019 г. Т. 2

Источниковедение и историография Кореи к 150-летию академика В. В. Бартольда (1869–1930). Ч. 2 195 会 ] and met with Kim Il-sung 1 . On 9 th April 1978, Kuriki presided over the Juche Ideology International Research Institute Initiation Conference [ チュチェ思想国 際研究所創立大会 ] in Tokyo, attended by some 800 delegates from Asia, Africa and Latin America 2 . Kuriki Yasunobu released in September 1973 a paper with strong humanist-Marxist overtones entitled “The Significance of Juche Ideology in World History”, addressed to North Korean social scientists; it was included in a compendium of essays from Japanese contributors 3 translated into Chinese and published in 1974 in Pyongyang. The essay opened with the judgment that Juche represents Kim Il-sung’s innovative use of Marxist-Leninist principles according to the historical and national conditions of Korea, and that it is the right kind of Marxism-Leninism at a time when every nation contributes what it can to “defeat the moribund capitalism–imperialism, and to build a society where the popular masses are truly masters of themselves”. Kuriki argues that subjectivity and the national question were weak points in Marxist theory, that is, until Juche emerged with the answer. Kuriki also stresses that in Juche ideology, man is the subject, and that Juche “clearly determines that man needs to be respected”; this presents a direct contrast with the self-alienating, exploitative “Japanese capitalism and its system that disre- gards man”, which sees machines and money as being more valuable than people. Pollution and piecemeal social welfare were given as examples 4 . Kuriki points to 1 Kuriki also attended the International Juche Conference in Socialist Madagascar in 1976 — this highlights Kim Il-sung’s intention to capture the attention of African intellec- tuals, which he did succeed to some extent, with close relations being fostered with Robert Mugabe’s Zimbabwe after 1980. North Korea would be training intelligence officers and troops for Mugabe throughout the 1980s. 2 Onoe, “Kuriki Yasunobu”, in Kuriki Taiko ed. Henkaku to Jōnetsu, 95–99. Its nominal president, the pacifist legal scholar and anti-nuclear activist Yasui Kaoru [ 安井郁 ] had become too ill to organize the conference. 3 These included an essay celebrating Kim Il-sung’s 62 nd birthday written by the “Gunma Prefecture Research Society on the Korean Question”, an essay on the inevitability of Juche victory by the periodical “Workers” under the same society; two essays on Kim Il-sung’s revolutionary theory and national theory by Nakagawa Nobuo [ 中川信夫 ] who had written extensively on Colonial Korea, the Korean War, and the Democracy Movement against Park Chung-hee. Motohashi Atsushi, [ 本橋渥 ] professor at the Yokohama National University and an expert on the Chinese economy, contributed an essay on Korea’s socialist economy, and Hishinuma Tatsuya, [ 菱沼達也 ] former professor at the Tokyo Education University and an expert on agricultural policy, wrote on North Korea’s village policy. 4 Kuriki’s admiration for North Korean social welfare may be explained by the fact that 1973 was known as “Welfare Era Year One” for Japan, before which the welfare state hardly existed. “In 1973 several positive measures were enacted to enhance social security: Free medical treatment for the aged, an increase in pension payments, help with high-cost medical treatments, and an increase in the proportion of medical expenses covered by health insurance.” (Shirahase, Social Inequality, 3) Kuriki’s humanist inclinations is shown by how