XXX Международный конгресс ИИСАА. 19–21 июня 2019 г. Т. 2

Источниковедение и историография Кореи к 150-летию академика В. В. Бартольда (1869–1930). Ч. 2 193 communist Kishi Nobusuke, focused on economic growth, and gave permission in April 1961 to direct trade between Japan and North Korea. During 1961 North Korea sold 50 million yen worth of pig iron (2500 tons) to Japan. Sabotage by South Korea put paid to many collaborative projects between Japan and North Korea, including permission for North Korean technicians to enter Japan, and the exportation of a 100kWMedium-wave Transmitter of the same kind used by the NHKOsaka Central Bureau, worth 100 million yen. Despite this the Japan-Korea Trade Association [ 日朝貿易会 ] 1 and a Japan-Korea Scientific Technological Exchange Committee, [ 日朝科学技術交流委員会 ] 2 formed by left-wing Japanese scientists, held successful and well-attended exhibitions of Japanese equipment and scientific literature in Pyongyang. The North Korean organisation in Japan, the “Chongryon” [ 朝鮮総連 ] arranged for 150 ethnic-Korean scientists, specialising in aspects ranging frommedicine to electronics and architecture, to work in North Korea upon obtaining their doctoral degrees in Japan. Many of them carried advanced equipment or technical literature on their way to North Korea 3 . In 1968, 1.06 billion yen worth of metallurgical equipment was imported from Japan, and North Korea was dependent on Japanese imports of rails, wires and stainless steel, which the country could not at the time produce on its own 4 . In 1971 a six-year plan was announced, quickening the pace of a “Technologi- cal Revolution” [ 技術革命 ] which had been launched in the 1960s. This required fell many years behind schedule, forcing North Korean officials to turn to Japan and Western Europe. 1 Kimura, Hidden Aspect, 69–75. 2 In 1966–67 it sent delegations to Pyongyang, and in July 1967 an “Exhibition of Jap- anese Scientific Technological Books” [ 日本科学技術図書展示会 ] was convened there, with more than 6000 items of literature in 2400 varieties shown to 2000 North Korean academics and technicians. In 1969 the committee convened the “Pyongyang Exhibition of Japanese Machinery and Silicate Technology”. [ 平壤日本機械および硅酸塩技術展覧会 ] Seventy firms were represented at the exhibition, attended by 6000 North Korean spectators. Kimura Mitsuhiko noted that Korea’s rich reserves of borax [ 硼砂 ] and silicates containing aluminium, magnesium and kalium, essential for the manufacturing of military optics, have been exploited by Japanese firms before the war. Japan New Chisso [ 新日本窒素 ] also sent representatives to North Korea thirteen times until 1972 to provide information on the latest chemical technological progress and to propose collaboration in the petrochemical sector. (Kimura, Hidden Aspect, 75–77.) 3 In May 1965 the Pyongyang Japanese Products Exhibition [ 平壤日本商品展示会 ] was held by the Japan-Korea Trade Association, and was attended by 79 Japanese delegates and more than 10,000 North Korean administrators; 78 Japanese firms and 359 products were represented at the exhibition. Kimura, Hidden Aspect, 83. 4 This was in addition to some 13,677 pieces of electricity measuring equipment imported between 1961–70, which served a new policy of building large numbers of small power plants across the country. Kimura, Hidden Aspect, 87–90.