XXX Международный конгресс ИИСАА. 19–21 июня 2019 г. Т. 2

Источниковедение и историография Кореи к 150-летию академика В. В. Бартольда (1869–1930). Ч. 2 189 county select villages for rehabilitation, “each with 30 to 40 households.Asurvey was taken of the rural economy of all households in each selected village, and a detailed plan was devised to meet the main goals of economic rehabilitation. […] Based on this survey, rehabilitation households were selected and given individualised five- year economic rehabilitation plans.” 1 Given the colonial-era reforms, “it seems no historical coincidence that similar corporatist state-society relations emerged in both North and South Korea after 1945” 2 . On the day of Japan’s surrender, a Preparation Committee [ 朝鮮建国委員会 ] for a People’s Republic of Korea [ 朝鮮人民共和 国 ] was established on 6 th September, 1945. The regime was comprised of People’s Committees. These were ordered to disband by the US forces in the south, but were retained in the north, where they “did not abolish the state purchase of grains which the Japanese had forced on the Korean farmers”. Even the name of the systemwhich set production targets for each farmer, the “Production Responsibility System”, [ 生産責任制 3 ] remained the same under the colonial and communist regimes 4 . The North Korean rationing system under the Department of Food Administration [ 食 糧管理局 ; Singnyang Kwalliguk ] was “based on the colonial-era food distribution system” 5 . It has been argued that — “continuities between the late colonial and postliberation periods in terms of industrialisation were far stronger for North Korea than South Korea, particularly in the degree of state intervention in market mechanisms. The North Korean state, in short, followed the pattern established by the colonial regime of the 1930s and especially the wartime period much more closely than its southern counterpart” 6 . This is confirmed by Kimura Mitsuhiko, [ 木村光彦] who argued that North Korea had actually revived many of the colonial-era agricultural and industrial policies, themselves influenced by the Soviet-inspired policies adopted inManchukuo during the 1930–1940s. “In introducing Soviet ideas on economic planning, the research division of the South Manchuria Railway [ 満鉄調查部 ] played a leading 1 Ibid., 84. “The survey was comprehensive, including information on demographics (age, education level, etc., of each member of every household); the extent of debt, savings, and food shortages; land productivity; crop production; fertiliser use; cash income; and expenses”. 2 Ibid., 96. Shin and Han concludes that the Saemaul (New Village) Movement of 1971, initiated by the military-led “developmental dictatorship” under the former Manchukuo Army Academy and Tokyo Military Academy cadet Park Chung-hee, [ 朴正熙 ] was similar to Ugaki’s campaign. 3 Japanese —  seisan sekininsei; Korean —  saengsan ch’aegim-je . 4 Kimura, “From Fascism to Communism”, 73, 76. 5 Armstrong, North Korean Revolution, 144. 6 Hwang, Rationalizing Korea, 300, note 6, in reference to Gim Nang-nyeon, “Singminji Joseon gyeongjen ui jedojeok yusan”, Working Paper 2010–2, Naksungdae Institute of Eco- nomic Research Working Paper Series (2010).