Т. 1. «Азия и Африка: Наследие и современность»

Asia and Africa: their Heritage and Modernity. Vol. 1 19 Источниковедение и историография  Ближнего Востока were raids for plunder, they were also aimed at the expansion of Dar al-Islām (area of Islam), reviving the maritime jihād of the Umayyads. Unfortunately, a number of modern historians, basing their views on Byzantine hagiographical works, describe the Emirate of Crete as a corsairs’ nest solely engaged in piratical raids and slave trade, confusing the period of the 9 th –11 th century with the much later chaotic sit- uation in the Aegean, especially during the 13 th –15 th centuries 1 and the much later period (17 th –18 th century) 2 . A vivid example of this confusion appears in Mentis’ statement “from the 9 th until the 19 th century, Germans, Sicilians, Turks, Algerians, Corsicans, French, Spaniards, a. o., were active in the Aegean, among them famous pirates such as Barbarosa, Kourtoglou, etc.” 3 . In this narration of the transportation of the relics of the three saints, there is a description of the conquest and annexation of an island to the emirate of Crete, dated 1 Angeliki Panopoulou, “Episodi di pirateria nello spazio marittimo di Cerigo tra il XIII et il XVIII secolo”, Venezia e Cerigo, Atti del Simposio Internazionale, Venezia 6–7 dicembre 2002, ed. Marina Koumanoudi — Chryssa Maltezou, Venice 2003. P. 133–143. 2 Maria G. Patramani, “Πειρατεία και κούρσος στα Κύθηρα και η θέση των βενετικών αρχών (17 ος –18 ος αι.)», in Η ´ Διεθνές Πανιόνιο Συνέδριο (Κύθηρα, 21–25 Μαΐου 2006), Πρακτικά , vol. III, Cythera 2009. P. 444–455. 3 C. Mentis, “Η κοινωνικο-πολιτισμική εξέλιξη του Σμιγοπέλαγου Πολιτισμού και η Ένωση του πρώτου κατοικημένου νησιού των Επτανήσων με την Ελλάδα», in Η ´ Διεθνές Πανιόνιο Συνέδριο (Κύθηρα, 21–25 Μαΐου 2006), Πρακτικά , vol. III, Cythera 2009. P. 329 (article: P. 325–345). For the confusion of the situation in the earlier period in theAegean with that of the later period see V. Christides, “Piracy, privateering and maritime violent actions: Maritime Violent Activities of the Taifa of Denia in Spain (11 th c.) vs. the Arab Maritime Jihād in the Eastern Mediterranean from the middle of the 7 th –11 th c.”, Proceedings of the International Congress “Endangered Connectivity: Piracy in the Mediterranean in Antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Modern Period ”, May 5–7 2011, Ruhr-Universität Bochum. Seeraub im Mittelmeerraum , ed. N. Jasper and S. Kolditz, Paderborn 2013. P. 199–208. Fig. 2. View of the Cathedral crypt with the sarcophagus containing the relics of St. Eulalia. From: V. Christides, “The Maritime Arab-Byzantine Frontier in the Southern Aegean (ca. 824/6–961): Cythera, Naxos, Paros, Elaphonesos, Dia”, in Η ´ Διεθνές Πανιόνιο Συνέδριο (Κύθηρα, 21–25Μαΐου 2006), Πρακτικά , vol. III, Cythera 2009. P. 649